Raw sockets

RAW sockets describes networking endpoints for freely sending and receiving data while bypassing standard transport protocols such as TCP and UDP, and their overhead. Raw sockets can be used to define and implement new protocols. Data can be sent either with a standard IP header that the system generates automatically, or by fully constructing the packet manually — allowing control over nearly the entire packet structure, except for lower-layer headers, such as the Ethernet header. This allows implementation of new protocols as well as creation of hardware that is able to accept incoming data that does not rely on TCP or UDP protocol. or even building network-traffic capture devices that log incoming data.